Ink wash painting of layered mountains, water, villages, trees, and extensive calligraphic text
This ink wash painting features a landscape rendered in shades of black and gray on a light-colored paper. The upper portion of the image is dominated by a series of rolling, layered mountains, depicted with textured brushstrokes that suggest contours and foliage. Below the mountains, an expansive body of water stretches across the middle ground, with a few small, dark boats visible on its surface. Scattered throughout the water and along its edges are numerous clusters of trees, many with drooping branches, resembling willows. Interspersed among these trees are small villages, each composed of several simple, rectangular houses with dark roofs. The houses are arranged in groups, some appearing to be on small islands or peninsulas within the water, connected by what might be a small bridge on the far right. The lower foreground shows areas of lighter wash, suggesting land or shallow water. Extensive vertical columns of calligraphic text are present on the upper left and upper right sides of the composition, with additional, smaller columns of text and several red seals located in the lower left corner of the composition.